	   15.  ⥬x0
							  12.10.90

       ⥬  ᯥ稢	ᮢ⭮     ன
஫  ।   ணࠬ  ᯥ祭
.

     ᭮ ନ:

 (AREA)-   ,      믮  뢮
᪮  ⥪⮩ ଠ樨;  窨 ७   -  筮
뢭    אַ㣮쭠	    ⨢	   ;
ࠪ⨪ ᪮   , ਭ, ᫮  ⮢
  (1, 2, 4, 8);

 - 䨧᪨ ࠭ ,   ந室  ॠ쭮
⮡ࠦ ଠ樨;

- אַ㣮쭠  ࠭;  ⨪  -
 ࢮ  ᫥  ப,    ਧ⠫  -  ࠬ
ࢮ  ᫥ ᪨;       ⥬  
-ப ४ 㪠뢠 묨  4  (  䠪᪠
⭮, ᯮ㥬  ⥬);

- אַ㣮 ࠣ ᪮;   ஬  ࢮ
⮡ࠦ ப  	ᬥ饭      ⭮⥫쭮  砫
-ப  (  窠  ਢ離   -      孨   㣮);
騥  ࠬ	।   ࠧࠬ      ࠬࠬ
⠡஢ ,	  ஬  ⮡ࠦ    ;  
      ⥬  ᬥ饭       ४
   ⠬ ( ⭮  ।
묨 ।⢠ -஫;

 (VIEW)- ᮢ㯭   ;   뢠  ⨢,
..  ਮ,  ᫨      "᫮"  
㣨   ᠬ  "᫮" 㣨 ;

 (PALETTE)- ⠡  ⨢ , ᯮ㥬 
    ᭮  (R),  񭮣  (G)    ᨭ   (B)
⥭, ᯮ㥬  ନ஢   65536  
梥⮢;    ० -஫  ᪮쪮
ᨬ ;  ० 1 /   ᯮ짮  
 梥, 㥬 0    1;	      
    65536 梥⮢; 筮   ०
2, 4  8 /;

 (FONT) - ᮢ㯭  , ।   
஢ 㪢, ,  ᪨  ᨬ	  ⭮
뢮 ଠ樨  ᪮;

 (CURSOR)- ᪨ 㪠⥫, ⮡ࠦ   ࠭  
 ४,  ண  ᢥ稢  ਧ⠫-
 ⠢,  ⨪쭠 - ⮫쪮        ࠭,
      ;   ⨪쭠   ⠢   ⠪
ન    ਧ⠫  ࠬ  ⨢  (
ਮ⭮) .

     ਬ砭. ࠭  㬥  ப  稭    0,  
㬥  ᮪  -    1.          ⥬	
४ ࠧ     ࠭  ࠭,  ᪮	
 㡪   ࠧ ᪠,  ᯥ᪨
 ⭮ ⨯ .

ਬ  ⮡ࠦ  ᪮⥩    	
࠭:

				      Ŀ
᪮-1			      ᪮-2     
Ŀ       	       
  -1.1		              	       
  Ŀ		                   Ŀ      
  	     	      -1.3             	      
  	      Ŀ               	      
	      -1.2                   	      
		 Ŀ                	      
		                          
		 	                -2.1    
		                   
		      


		ͻ
				     -1.2	   
				     Ŀ    
				     	          
			   -1.1  	Ŀ      
				Ĵ	        
			     Ĵ    Ĵ      
			     	Ĵ  	   
			     	  	  	   
			     		   
			   -1.3	-2.1   
						   
						   
						   
		ͼ࠭

-2.1   =    -2.1  +  -2.1	-  ਮ 
-1.2   =    -1.2  +  -1.2

-1.1   =    -1.1  +  -1.1
-1.3   =    -1.3  +  -1.3	-  ਮ 

-2.1 		      - ⨢  - ⨬  
				ࠢ   
				

	    15.1. ࣠  ⥬

       WDC.MAC  ᮤন  ।  ⠭,  	 
஧ᮢ  ࠢ  ᮬ  짮⥫᪨
ணࠬ / 㣨 ᮢ.

     । 㠫쭮 ᭮ ࠭⢠   ࠡ
   ᫥騩 :


     0	   1	 2     3     4	   5	 6     7  - ࠭ 8
  ͹

      
     	       			        ࠭ /
     	       		 䨪஢
     	       				 
     	       				( )
     	       ᪠ 
     					      ( )
     
      ணࠬ  
					    ६


     ᪠   (㠫   20000-57776)
 ᫥ :


       20000					    57776
       Ŀ
       
	᪠	᪠ 	⥪
	⠡        >	       <Ĵ
				   ^
	WHEAP 


᪠ ⠡ (ࠧ頥  㠫쭮  20000):

WHEAP	       ;⥪騩 㪠⥫  ᢮    ᪮
	       

SCREEN	       ;㪠⥫    (砫 ᯨ᪠ )
VWSUCC	       ;ਯ 䮭  (vwlen )
VWFREE	       ;㪠⥫  ᯨ᮪ ᢮ .
ARFREE	       ;㪠⥫  ᯨ᮪ ᢮ .᪮⥩
FNFREE	       ;㪠⥫  ᯨ᮪ ᢮ .⮢
PALTBL	       ;⠡ ᯮ짮  (30 ᫮)
	       ; = 0 -  ᢮
	       ;<> 0 -  . , 墠⨢襣 
WDTBL	       ;⠡  (64 ᫮);  ᮤন  㪠⥫	
	       ਯ      (㪠뢠         砫
	       ਯ,    VW.TAR);	।祭  
	       ண ᪠ ਯ    䨪
	       ; 䨪  -  楫  ⭮  ᫮  
	        2-126, .. ᥣ    	64
	       ;

ARTBL	       ;⠡ ᪮⥩ (64 ᫮); ᮤন  㪠⥫
	         ਯ	 ᪮⥩;   ।祭   
	       ண   ᪠    ਯ    ᪮	
	       䨪 ᪮; 䨪 ᪮ -
	       楫 ⭮ ᫮    2-126,  ..  ᥣ
	           64 ᪮⥩;
proadr	       ;㪠⥫  ਯ ,	⨢-
	          ⥬;
SPAT	       ;" ࠭" (㦥 ⠡) ࠧ஬  26;75
	        (࠭  窨 ७  ⥬  ⮨
	        75 ᪨ ப,	      	26
	       ᮪;   ᪠  ப  ⮨    4-
	       -ப);
spatzz	       ;ਧ  裂 ࠭ (ᥣ = 177777)
TAS0D	       ;  䮭 ᪮ (4 ᫮)
TAS0	       ;⥫ TAS  䮭 ᪮ (2 ᫮)
CTAS	       ;   (1 ப)
SXCUR	       ; ࠭  㪠⥫  (=0 - 
	       );
STAS	       ; ࠭    (addr,tas) 4 ;
XCUR	       ;न
YCUR	       ;   
PLPAR	       ;ᮤন PAR  ⮡ࠦ  

WTOP	       = ;  ᪮ 


     ⠭, ।騥 ᪨ 	ᠭ  ᪮  ,
ᯮ㥬     ⥬:

vm1	 = 0	   ;० 1 /
vm2	 = 1	   ;	  2
vm4	 = 2	   ;	  4
vm4	 = 3	   ;	  4	      (2- ०)

vm8	 = 7	   ;	  8
pl0	 = 000000  ;  0
pl1	 = 040000  ;		  1
pl2	 = 100000  ;		  2
pl3	 = 140000  ;		  3
plb	 = 4	   ;ன  

		 ਯ :

VW.SUCC        ;㪠⥫  ᫥騩   ᯨ᪥
VW.PRED        ;㪠⥫  ।騩   ᯨ᪥

	 ਯ,  짮⥫
VW.AREA        ;䨪 ᪮

	न 孥  㣫   ᪮:
VW.ARY	       ; ࢮ ப  ᪮
VW.ARX	       ;ᬥ饭  砫 ப ᪮  
	न   ࠭:
VW.SY1	       ; ࢮ ப   ࠭
VW.SY2	       ; ᫥ ப   ࠭
VW.SX1	       ; ࢮ ᪨   ࠭
VW.SX2	       ; ᫥ ᪨   ࠭

VW.DEN	       ;訩  - ⭮  ਧ⠫ (0,1,2)
	       ;訩  - ⭮  ⨪ (0,1,2)
	       ; 0 - ᮮ⢥ 쭮 ⭮, ..
	       ; ᨬ쭮 寧

	 ਯ, 塞  ⥬
	(७ ࠬ; shl -  ᤢ )
VW.TAR	       ; 砫   ᯮ㥬 ᪮
VW.HD	       ;ਧ⠫쭠 ⭮ 
	       ;.word [0,1,2]
VW.XOF	       ;ࠬ, ।騩 ᬥ饭  ਧ⠫
	       ; ( SX1 shl HD ) - ( ARX / 2 )
VW.VD	       ;⨪쭠 ⭮ : .byte [0,1,2]
VW.NUM	       ;䨪 : .byte [2,4,...126.]
VW.YOF	       ;ࠬ, ।騩 ᬥ饭  ⨪
	       ; ( SY1 shl VD ) - ARY
VW.DY1	       ;ࠬ, ।騥
VW.DY2	       ;    寧
VW.DY3	       ;	  ⨪

 VWLEN	       =  ਯ   

          ਯ ᪮:

AR.SUCC        ;㪠⥫  ᫥騩 ਯ ᪮
AR.LEN	       ;䠪᪠  ਯ  ப
AR.LINS        ;⢮ ப  ⥪饩 ᪮
AR.SLEN        ; -ப  
AR.TAS	       ;砫  ᪮

     ᪠  ਯ ।  ᫮  ப	
᪮,  ன ᮧ ਯ,  ⠢ 4 ᫮
(ﭭ   ਯ)    ᫮  ப  	᪮,
㬭  2, ᫮.

       -ப    ⢮    ᫮.  ࢮ
᫮ ᮤন 㠫  砫 ப.  ⠡ 
⥬ ࠭ ࠧ 11..2 (⠫ ᮤঠ 0).   
  ⥬  㠫	    ᮤঠ  㫥
祭  ࠧ鸞 15..12. ஥ ᫮ ᮤন  ࠧ鸞 13..4
祭  ॣ  ᯥ		  㠫쭮  ,
饣   4 ; ࠧ 2..0 - -० (VM1,  VM2,
VM40, VM41, VM8); ࠧ 15..14 -   (PL0,	PL1,  PL2,
PL3); ࠧ 2 । ஢   (  ०  ᮪
ࠧ襭).

      ॣ ᯥ :
  Ŀ
  15 1413 12 11 10  9 $8  7  6  5  4 3 2 1  0
  
	 21			    12	     
		      	     Ĵ० ᪨-
					  	     -
					  	     
					   १ࢨ஢
					Ĵ0 - ࠧ襭 
					      1 -  㯠
						   

	 ᪨஢:
	0  0 -  ᪨஢
	0  1 - ᪨஢  ० 2 /
	1  x - ᪨஢  ० 4 /

      ᯮ짮  짮⥫᪨ ணࠬ " ᫮"
᫥  뢠    ।⢥  ஢	  ॣ
ᯥ      ਢ    祭   "஧筮"
०.

     ਯ ᪮ -  ⢥  ᪠  
 ⥬,  ६ . ਯ   
ࠡ	᪨  ᮧ	   ᢮.   ᢮
ਯ 易  ᯨ᮪, 㯮冷祭    ਯ.
  ᯨ᪥  室  ਯ,  騩  ᠬ  
.

      ᮧ  ᪮ ᬠਢ ᯨ᮪ ᢮
ਯ஢. ᫨    ᪮  㤠      ᯨ᪥
ਯ 室饣	ࠧ,        ᯮ.  
ॠ쭠    ᪮  	  ,  祬  ࠧ
ᯮ짮  ਯ.  ᪨  ࠧ  ᪮	
⨪    		ࠧ  ᪮,     ன
ᮧ ਯ. ⮬  ਯ ࠭    :
 ࢮ砫쭮 ᪮ ( ன ᮧ ਯ)
  ⥪饩 ᪮.   ᯮ짮  ࠧ
ਯ  ᫥騩 ࠧ  (᫥  ᢮  ਯ	
 ᪮).

	   ਯ :

FN.SUCC        ;㪠⥫  ᫥騩 ਯ  (᫨	0,
		  ᫥ ਯ)
FN.PAR	       ;ᮤন   ॣ	ᯥ       
		⮡ࠦ      (   ⮡ࠦ   
		筮   8)
FNLEN	       =  ਯ 

	      :

fn.tb	       ;⠡  256 ᫮;  ᫮ -   
		  fn.beg,  稭 ⠡ ⠭
		ᨬ;          ।⠢    ᮡ
		㠫    ⮡ࠦ   
		0-  (㣨  ᫮  	⠡  室
		ᬥ饭  fn.tb    砫  ⮢,	ᮤঠ
		⠭ ᮮ⢥饣 ᨬ);    
		ᮤঠ  256 ᨬ; ࢮ  ᫮  -  
		⠡  ᨬ   0; ᫥饥  ᫮  -
		 ᨬ   1  ..
fn.hi	       ;   -ப  (10	-  ⥪饥
		祭, ন  ⭮ 뢮)
fn.wi	       ;ਭ    (8 -	⥪饥  祭,
		ন  ⭮ 뢮)
fn.id	       ;.ascii "PC" - 䨪  楫 ஫
fn.nam	       ;.asciz "string" -   (14 )
fn.beg	       ;砫  ⠭ ᨬ (筮)

       ஢   ( 60000-157776):
TAS	  ;⠡ ᮢ ப ();  2 ᫮  -ப
TAS313	  ;⥫쭠   ப  301-313  (१ࢨ஢
	   ᫥饣 ᯮ짮)
XXXXXX	  ;१ࢭ  56. + 256. 
CTAO	  ; ᫮  ࠭ 
TAO	  ; ⠡ ᮢ १ ()
PAL	  ;  2  ࠧ頥    ⤥쭮  
	  , ⮡ࠦ   60000.


	     5.2. 樨  ᯮ짮

      ਪ   ⥬	ணࠬ  ᯮ짮  ।
  ⥬    ⢥  ᮪   	
஥஢ ᮢ६ । ⢨  짮⥫.
     砫 । ०,  ஬ 㤥  ᮧ
/ ⮡ࠦ  ࠭ ⥪⮢   ᪠  ଠ.
묨 ० : VM1 (1    / 2 梥),  VM2
(2    / 4 梥), VM40 (4    /  16  梥⮢),
VM41,   ० VM40   ०  VM8  (8  	
 / 256 梥⮢).
      VM1, VM2,  VM40,  VM41  뢠	०  ᮪
ࠧ襭.     ०         4
 ( VM41 - ⮫쪮  , .. ᥣ 4 ).
      VM8 뢠 梥	      ᨬ
.
         ० ᮪ ࠧ襭  4
, 騥  PL0 (0), PL1 (1), PL2  (2),	PL3  (3).
  0      ०  뢠	⠭⭮.   
⠫    墠祭 ணࠬ (ᮬ)  
"쭮"	ᯮ짮.	  墠    (  
PLCRE) 室 㪠,   ० 㤥  ᯮ짮
. ᫥	襭  ࠡ  ணࠬ    易⥫쭮
᢮ 墠祭 .

     ᫨   㦥 墠祭,   PLCRE 믮  
訡.  ⮬ 砥 ணࠬ 	ᯮ짮  	
  ॡ㥬 ०:    䨪樨  
PLMOD	   ࠭	    PLSAV      ஢ப	
"ਭ"   ந.
     ᫥ 襭   ०     㯠  
஡  ᮧ  ᪮.	᫨   ।	ࠡ	 
ॣ୮  ᪮	(אַ㣮쭮	),    楫ᮮࠧ
짮 ᮬ ARCRE.    ନ    
᪮  ॣ ᪮   ⥬.
     ᫨ ᪮  ॣ	,  	ਪ
ணࠬ ᠬ  ᮧ   	⮩  ᪮,    ᫥
⮣ ॣ஢    ⥬ ᮬ ARINST.  ,
ᮧ    ணࠬ,      	    ࠡ
ணࠬ. ଠ     ᮮ  
⥬ ᮬ ARINST.  ਬ,    ⥪⮢  ᯫ
⨯ VT-100 (室騩  ⠢ , .  .8)  ॠ  樨
஫ (ᤢ ᮤন ࠭)  䨪樨 ,  
믮 ॥,   ࠢ    ୠ⨢  襭  -
஢ .
     楤	ॣ樨  ᪮	墠뢠   ""
	(  ᪮  )      ࠭   ਯ
᪮.  ⮬  ᫥  ᮢ  ARCRE,  ARINST   易⥫쭮
᫥  ஢  稥 訡. ᫨ ⮣    ,
 ਪ ணࠬ   ࠡ  ᥣ  ணࠬ
ᯥ祭.        	   ᪮   
४ ᯮ짮 ᪮, 騥 訥 ࠧ 
⨪  (ࠧ  ᪮     ਧ⠫      	
ᯮ짮  ᪮ ).
         뢠  㤠 ᯮ㥬  ᪮   
 ⥬    ARKILL        
AREA-KILL   .
     ⢥ ᮧ  㫨஢    	࠭	
।⠢ ᫮.  ᮧ  䨪樨   
⥬ ஢  ४    ࠬ  ⠪,	⮡  
 ⨬ 祭. 訡  ⮬  ந室. 
(⥪騥) ࠬ  ᥣ   ᮬ VWTAKE.
       	,  	⨢   	 (
ਮ)  砥      ⥬	      
ਧ⠫	ப,	ࠬ      	 ࠭.   ⮬
ଠ  ᠬ 孥  ᠬ    ப  	
⮡ࠦ.     襭      ஡   
뤥  ⥫ ப  ᪮ ( ப  
   ᮢ      ).
       ᮡ  ⥬   ⭮
ࠧ饭 :  ⨪ - 4 -ப,    ਧ⠫
-  ᪠. ⭮  樮஢	᪮    
।  -ப  ⨪,   ਧ⠫  -
 筮    ( -ப  
ᮬ,  4,  	ᬥ饭    ਧ⠫  -    
 4).

      ⥬,  ⥪ᮢ ᯫ   ⠭
 ࠧ  ⥬   ⮬᪨ 樠
 祭 ⠭  (। 㧪 ).
     㧪 ⥫    (⥫  ⮢,
  ,    ᪮	ᯫ      ..
믮  	  ⨫,  室    ⠢	,   

ࠢ .

1. 㧪  ॣ "୮" :

	  .fload bold

2. 㧪   :

	  .prun vm.prc

3. 㧪   ᪮ ᯫ:

	  .prun gt.prc

ਬ砭. 㧪  ॣ樨  (⮢)    ⠢
 室 ணࠬ FLOAD. ணࠬ  ଠ   ப
CSI 㪠뢠 ᯥ䨪  䠩,  ᮤঠ饣  ,  
㦭 㧨.  䠩  㬮砭 -  .FON.  ணࠬ  FLOAD
믮  ࠧ   ஢ન,   墠뢠	    ,
㦠   䠩  ॣ      ⥬.
᫥  ⮣      ⥪⮢	ᯫ   ᯥ뢠   ᯨ᮪
䨪஢ ()  ⮢, ॣ஢   
⥬.

	          15.3. 

      ⥬  ᮬ    窨  ७  .
    ࠢ  ।⢮     ॣ   (..
㦨  ॣ):

WCSR	  = 177530	 ; ॣ ࠢ  ⥬

           ᫥騩 :

     mov  #adr,     @#WCSR    ;   
     ...
adr: .blkw     X	      ;   

     饭    믮   
ࠢ饣    	 ॣ   WCSR   (㦨   
ᮬ).  ࠢ騩  		ࠧ      ᭮
࠭⢥  ,     믮   饭.   
ࠢ饣    ⨯ .
      ࢮ ᫮ ࠢ饣  । 饭   
⥬ 室  . ᫨   㤥 믮 -
訡	(㦥  	 ᮬ),      ࢮ   ᫮
ࠢ饣  㤥 ᮤঠ ⥫  .
     ᫨  ப  㬥  ய饭,    ᮮ⢥
祩  ⠡ area ப   㤥.
     ப "" ॣ R0:	᫥  	R0  ᥣ
ᮤন  砫 ⠡ AREA  ..  祩,	  ன
ࠧ頥  .


	  5.3.1.   ᪮ﬨx0
	  
;------------------------
     ॣ஢ ᪮   ⥬ (  0):

ARINST	  area,anum,lins,slen

     area  -    ⠡  㬥⮢  (	᪮   
᫥ ।⢥  ᫥ 㬥⮬  ⠡ area);
     anum  -  ᫨    㬥  ࠢ  0,    ଠ  
᪮ 㤥 ॣ஢,    ⠡	area  (2-  ᫮)
㤥  䨪 ᪮; ᫨ 㬥  0,  
।   䨪   ᪮,    	  ன    㤥
᪮४஢ ;
     lins - ⢮ ப  ᪮;
     slen -   ப  ;

       ⠡ area  ᫥ 	᪮  (
  ।  ᪮);      ⠡楩  ᫮
㪠⥫   ப ᪮.   -ப  
 ⢮  ᫮. ࢮ ᫮ ᮤন	㠫  
砫 ப. ஥ ᫮ ᮤন    ࠧ鸞  11..4  祭
ॣ ᯥ   ⮡ࠦ 砫 ப  訥
4 ; ࠧ  1..0	-  -०	(vm1,  vm2,  vm40,  vm41);
ࠧ  15..14  -      (pl0,  pl1,  pl2,  pl3).   
ᯮ짮  ணࠬ "  ᫮"  ᫥  뢠  
।⢥ ஢  ॣ ᯥ   ਢ
 祭 "஧筮" ०.

;------------------------
      ଠ  ᪮  	⥬,    ⠪
 , 易   ᪮ (  2):

ARKILL	  area,anum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     anum - 䨪 ᪮,  室 㤠;
;------------------------
        ॣ஢ ᪮      ⥬
(  38):

ARCRE	  area,adr,lins,slen,mdpl

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     adr - 㠫   ணࠬ 짮⥫,	稭  
ண 㤥 ࠧ  ᪮;	᫨    㤥  訡  
᪮ 㤥 ॣ஢,   ⠡	area  (2-  ᫮)
㤥  䨪 ᪮;

     lins - ⢮ ப  ᪮;

     slen -   ப  ;

     mdpl - ᮤন ०    ᯮ㥬  	(
ଠ ⠭, ᠭ );

	  5.3.2.   
	  
;------------------------
       ஢ ࠬ  (  4):

VWCRE	  area,wnum,anum,ary,arx,sy1,sy2,sx1,sx2,den

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     wnum - ᫨  㬥 ࠢ 0,  㤥  ᮧ    
ᮮ⢥⢨  ⠫묨 㬥⠬ ;	᫥  ଠ쭮
믮   ஬ ᫮ ⠡  area  㤥  
䨪 ᮧ ; ᫨ 㬥  ࠢ  0,    
䨪 , ࠬ ண 室 ஢;

     anum - 䨪 ᪮;

	  न 孥  㣫  ᪮:

     ary -  ப  ᪮;

     arx - ᬥ饭   ⭮⥫쭮 砫 -ப;

	  न   ࠭:

     sy1 -  孥 ப  ࠭;

     sy2 -   ப  ࠭;

     sx1 -   ᪨  ࠭;

     sx2 -  ࠢ ᪨  ࠭;

     den - ࠬ, ।騩  ⠡஢;  訩  
। ⠡஢  ਧ⠫ (0 - 寧  4  ࠧ,
1 - 寧  2 ࠧ, 2 -  寧); 訩 	।
⠡஢  ⨪ (0 - 寧  4 ࠧ, 1 -  寧
 2 ࠧ, 2 -  寧);
;------------------------
       (  6):

VWKILL	  area,wnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     wnum - 䨪 ,  室 㤠;

;-------------------------
      ࠬ  (  8):

VWTAKE	  area,wnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     wnum -  䨪  ,  ࠬ  ண	室
;  ࠬ      ⠡	area     ଠ,
筮  VWCRE;
;-------------------------
       ᠬ ਮ (  10):

VWFORE	  area,wnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     wnum  -  䨪  ,    㤥  ᤥ   ᠬ
ਮ;

;-------------------------
        ਮ (  12):

VWBACK	  area,wnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     wnum - 䨪  ,    㤥  ᤥ  
ਮ;

;-------------------------
     ᬮ ᯨ᪠ , ॣ஢     ⥬
(  34):

VWLOOK	  area,wnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     wnum - ᫨  㬥 ࠢ 0,   ஬ ᫮  area
頥 䨪 ࢮ  (  ਮ⭮),
    ᫥  ⠫	ࠬ  ;  ᫨	
஬	᫮  area  室	䨪	,	   㤥
饭 ଠ  ᫥饬 ; ᫨ ⥪騩  ᫥
( ਮ),   ஬ ᫮ area  㤥  
0;

	  5.3.3.   ࠬ
	  

      ।⠢ ᮡ  梥⮢,    ஬  
  窨  ᮮ⢥   ᢮   梥,   	 ࠧ鸞
(⥭ᨢﬨ)  ⠬ R, G  B ( ⠬ - 訬
 訬) ᫥騬 ࠧ:


  7  6	5  4  3  2  1  0   7  6  5  4  3  2  1	0
Ŀ Ŀ
G5 G4 G3R4 R3 R2B4 B3 G2 G1 G0R1 R0B2 B1 B0
 
        
    	     	     
    	     		             
    	     		             
    	     
    			      
    			      
    

      ଠ	  ஫  ,    ⮬  ᫥,  
  ਢ    孨᪮  ᠭ.    ᮪
ࠧ襭  32   (16   梥  16  -
).  梥⭮ ०   512    
(256    256 - ).

;-------------------------
     墠  (  14):

PLCREx	  area,modnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     modnum  -	०,    ண  㤥   ᯮ짮
; ०   ⠭⠬ (vm1, vm2, vm40,
vm41, vm8); 稭  쥣 ᫮ ⠡ area  ᫥
32  (512   梥⭮ ०), ।騥 梥 
ᮮ⢥⢨  ०;  ⮬  (஬) ᫮ ⠡ area
㤥   뤥   ଠ  ⠭  pl0,
pl1, pl2, pl3  plb; ᫨   ॡ㥬 ० , 
 믮  訡;

;-------------------------
     ᢮  (  16):

PLFREx	  area,modnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     modnum - ०,  ண 㤥 ᢮  ;
०   ⠭⠬ (vm1,	vm2,  vm40,  vm41,
vm8);  ,       ᢮,    
    ଠ ⠭ pl0, pl1, pl2, pl3  plb;
⨬ ᮬ  ᢮ ""  (墠祭 㣨
ᮬ);


;-------------------------
     믮 䨪  (  18):

PLMODx	  area,modnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     modnum  -	०,    ண  㤥   ஢
; ०   ⠭⠬ (vm1, vm2, vm40,
vm41, vm8);       ଠ ⠭ pl0,
pl1, pl2, pl3, plb;

     稭  쥣 ᫮ ⠡  area    ᫥	32
 (512   梥⭮ ०), ।騥  梥
 ᮮ⢥⢨  ०;
      ᮬ  ஢ "" ;

;-------------------------
     ࠭ () ᮤন  (  20):

PLSAVx	  area,modnum

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     modnum - ०,  ண	㤥  ࠭  ;
०   ⠭⠬ (vm1,	vm2,  vm40,  vm41,
vm8);       ଠ ⠭ pl0,  pl1,
pl2, pl3, plb;

     稭  쥣 ᫮ ⠡  area    饭	32
 (512     梥⭮  ०),  ।騥  梥
;
      ᮬ  ࠭ ᮤন "㦮" .


	  5.3.4.   ஬
	  

;-------------------------
     ⠭  (४⨥)       
(  22):

CRSET	  area,xcur,ycur

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;
     xcur - न     ( 0-415);
     ycur - न     ( 0-299);

;-------------------------
        ࠭ (  24):

CRERA	  area

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

	  5.3.5.   ⠬
	  

;-------------------------
     ॣ஢     ⥬  (  
26):

FNINST	  area,par

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     par - ᮤন ॣ ᯥ     ⮡ࠦ
;

;-------------------------
         ⥬ (  28):

FNKILL	  area,par

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     par - ᮤন ॣ ᯥ     ⮡ࠦ
,  㦭 㤠   ⥬;

;-------------------------
      ᮤন ॣ ᯥ   ⮡ࠦ
    (  30):

FNFIND	  area

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     稭  쥣 ᫮ ⠡ area  ࠧ  
᪮    ଠ  .asciz;  ᫨  ॡ㥬    㤥
,      ஬  ᫮	area  㤥  室	ᮤন
ॣ ᯥ   ⮡ࠦ ⮣ ;

;-------------------------
     ᬮ ᯨ᪠ ⮢, ॣ஢   ⥬
(  32):

FNLOOK	  area,xpar

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     xpar - ᫨  㬥 ࠢ 0,   ஬ ᫮  area
頥  ਯ ࢮ ,	    㤥
᫥    ଠ .asciz;  ᫨    ஬  ᫮  area
室  ਯ ,  㤥 饭 ଠ
 ᫥饬 ; ᫨ ⥪騩 	᫥,  	  ஬
᫮ area 㤥  0;

	  5.3.6.  뢮
	  

;-------------------------
     뢮 ⥪⮢ (⭮) ଠ樨   ᪮  (
 36):

WPRINT	  area,anum,y0,x0,sadr

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     anum  -  䨪  ᪮,     	室
뢮 ଠ;  ᪮ ।   ० (
 ) 㤥 ⢫ 뢮;

     y0 -  -ப, 稭   ன  㤥  뢮
ଠ;

     x0 - ᬥ饭    砫 ப  ᪮, 稭
 ன 㤥 뢮 ଠ;

     sadr -   ப   ଠ  .asciz,  ।饩
ᮤন 뢮 ଠ樨;

     ᫥ 㬥  WPRINT	।    ப,
뢮        ᪮.	 ப     ।⠢     ᮡ
᫥⥫쭮  .  ,  ᮤঠ騥      0  	37
(쬥筮),    .        
          ,    ।   ᠬ
.  ᠭ   砫 ਢ 쬥 
. 㬥    ⮢묨.

           ⥬  ন  
뢮  ଠ  ࠧ୮ 108.
     ਭ    뢮  ᪮ 1  /
ࠢ  ,  뢮 2  /  -  2-  ⠬,  
뢮 4 / - 4- ⠬,  뢮 8	/  -  8-
⠬.

     ᮪ :

     0	  -       㬥⮢    ।  
뢮 ப;

     1	  -    ᬥ  ;         ᫥
᮫    (  ᯨ᪥    ⥬);  ࠭
 㤥 ᯮ짮  ᫥饩  ᬥ  ;	
㬮砭 뢮 㤥 믮  ᯮ짮   0;

     2	  -  ᬥ饭   ᪮  ⭮⥫쭮  ⥪饣
   X  ; ᬥ饭 	⮬,  ᫥騬
      ;	   㬮砭	 뢮	  믮	 
"᫥⥫   ";   ᬥ饭       믮
"", ᫨ ᬥ饭 ⥫쭮  ᫮,    "",  ᫨
᫮ ⥫쭮;

     3	  -  ᬥ饭   ᪮  ⭮⥫쭮  ⥪饣
   Y  ப; ᬥ饭  ⮬,  ᫥騬
  ; ᬥ饭  믮 "", ᫨ ᬥ饭
⥫쭮 ᫮,  "", ᫨ ᫮ ⥫쭮;

     4	  -    (ன  	),  
㤥 ।   XOR  뢮  ᫥
;  ᫨  ᪠  =  0,	  ८ࠧ  	
믮; ᫨ ᪠ = 377 (쬥筮 ᫮),    뢮
ଠ 㤥 ஢;

     5	  -    砥	"஧  ०"      뢮
;

     6	  -   몫砥	"஧  ०"  뢮,  ..
砥 ଠ ०; ଠ ०  뢮  	
㬮砭;

     7	  -   梥; ன  	।
 梥⮢  (⨢    䮭),  ᯮ㥬    뢮
;     뢮   ᪮  
० 1   ; 訩 㡠 ।  梥 䮭,
  訩  㡠  -    梥,  	㤥	뢮
;

     10   - ⮢  ,  ⭠  "4,0"  -  뢮
 ந  ८ࠧ;

     11   -  ⮢   ,   ⭠   "4,377"	 -
ந 뢮   ।⥫ ஢;

     12   -  ᬥ饭   ᪮  ⭮⥫쭮  ⥪饣
   X    ,  ..    	  ०
᪮ (/);	ᬥ饭    ⮬,  ᫥騬	
 ;  㬮砭 뢮 믮   "᫥⥫
"; ᬥ饭  믮  "",  ᫨  ᬥ饭
⥫쭮 ᫮,  "", ᫨ ᫮ ⥫쭮;

     13   -  ᬥ饭   ᪮  ⭮⥫쭮  ⥪饣
   Y   ,  ..    ⪠  ப,
᪮  10.	-    "⠭⭮"      ப;
ᬥ饭  ⮬, ᫥騬    	;  ᬥ饭
 믮 "", ᫨ ᬥ饭 ⥫쭮  ᫮,  
"", ᫨ ᫮ ⥫쭮;

     14   -     ᫥ 10. ,  ।-
 ᮤন , ஥ 㤥 뢥  	᪮;
	       뢮   ,	 ਬ,
騥  ⥪饬 ;

      ⠫       ᨨ    ⥬
ࠡ뢠  " 樨", ..   .


	  5.3.7.  뫪
	  

;-------------------------
      뫪  ᪮ﬨ /   ணࠬ
짮⥫ (  40):

HBMOVE	  area,ar1num,cmd,ar1y,ny,ar1x,nx,ar2num,ar2y,ar2x

     area -  ⠡ 㬥⮢;

     ar1num - 䨪 ᪮-1 (⮢ 㬥);

     cmd -   筮 뫪 (⮢ 㬥);

     ar1y -  ࢮ ப  뫪  ᪮-1;

     ny - ⢮ ப  ᪮-1,    -
;

     ar1x  -  ᬥ饭	     ⭮⥫쭮      ࠭
᪮-1  뫪;

     nx - ࠧ אַ㣮쭮   ਧ⠫  	
᪮-1  뫪;

騥 㬥    믮塞 .

 (1) 뫪 ᪮-2>᪮-1:

     ar2num   -   䨪   ᪮-2,	      㤥
ᯮ짮  ⢥ 筨;  ᪮-1  㤥  
񬭨;
     ar2y -  ࢮ ப  뫪  ᪮-2;
     ar2x  -  ᬥ饭	     ⭮⥫쭮      ࠭
᪮-2  뫪;

 (2) 뫪 ᪮-1>:

     ar2num - 㠫  砫    (㤠 㤥
믮 뫪);
     ar2y - "" ப   ; ᫨ "" ࠢ	0,
 ப ᪮  뢭  ;
     ar2x -  ᯮ;

 (3) 뫪 >᪮-1:

     -  㬥  ,   (2);

 (4) 뫪 ⠭>᪮-1:

     ar2num  -	⠭,   ன   㤥      
᪮-1 ( । ।騬 㬥⠬);

      	 ।	 ᫥騬    ⠭⠬
(쬥묨):

v.mask	  =    200  ; 砥 ० 뫪  ⮬  "஧-
		      " 梥 (饣  0);
v.dx	  =    100  ; 砥 뫪  ⭮ ࠢ 
		      ਧ⠫;   ⨢  砥  뫪
		      믮  אַ ࠢ
v.dy	  =    040  ; 砥 뫪  אַ  ࠢ	
		      ⨪;    ⨢	砥	 뫪
		      믮  ⭮ ࠢ

v.vp	  =    030  ;  (2) ᪮-1>
v.vv	  =    020  ;  (1) ᪮-2>᪮-1
v.pv	  =    010  ;  (3) >᪮-1
v.cv	  =    000  ;  (4) ⠭>᪮-1

      ᪨ 権  뫪
     (src - 筨, dst - 񬭨):

v.bic	=    006  ; dst:=dst and not src
v.bis	=    004  ; dst:=dst or src
v.xor	=    002  ; dst:=dst xor src
v.mov	=    000  ; dst:=src

v.byte =     001  ; 믮 ⮢  뫪;	  ⨢
		      砥 㤥 믮	᫮  뫪
		      (    ࠧ  ४   㪠뢠
		      묨)
